Title insurance is insurance against loss from defects in title to real property and from the invalidity or unenforceability of mortgage liens. It is available in many countries but it is principally a product developed and sold in the United States. It is meant to protect an owner's or lender's financial interest in real property against loss due to title defects, liens or other matters. It will defend against a lawsuit attacking the title as it is insured, or reimburse the insured for the actual monetary loss incurred, up to the dollar amount of insurance provided by the policy.

A title insurance company is a company that provides these services.

The first title insurance company, the Law Property Assurance and Trust Society, was formed in Pennsylvania in 1853. Title insurance was created in the United States and the vast majority of title insurance policies are written on land within the U.S.